US Government Debt and Deficit

Jia Han
Oct 25, 2024
2 min read

A recent interview with Paul Tudor Jones on CNBC [1,2] (these are two shorts of a long interview) is very good. His concern on US government debt is warranted. A few decades ago, many Republicans (e.g. Paul Ryan) were fiscal conservatives. When they discovered that it was hard for fiscal conservatives to win elections, most Republicans gave up. That is part of the reason that US government deficits and debt increased so fast the last few years. During COVID, like many countries the US government drastically increased expenses. COVID is largely gone but government expenses do not go back to the pre pandemic time. When compared with the GDP, the US deficit exceeds any time except during war.

Many economists try to determine the effects of the debt and deficits on the economy. Mohamed El-Erian gave perhaps the best presentation [3]. There are several scenarios. The best one is to keep the economy growing so that debt as the percentage of the GDP is reduced. Assuming the promise of AI delivers is true, this scenario may work.

There are several estimates on both Trump’s economics policies and Harris’s economics politics [4,5]. It is said that Trump’s plan produces even bigger deficits. This might be true. However, the estimates depend on several assumptions which might be different. One big advantage of Trump’s plan is that it will lead to growth. Recall [3]. Growth is the only way to get out of debt without suffering great pain.

References:

1) Legendary investor Paul Tudor Jones: I am clearly not going to own any fixed income (10-22)

2) Paul Tudor Jones: We broke really quickly unless we serious about our spending (10-22)

3) Ep47 “Is the U.S. National Debt Sustainable?” with Mohamed El-Erian (9-2024)

4) It's hard not to be enthusiastic about this macro economy, Harvard's Jason Furman (10-22)

5) Kevin Hassett: Trump will lay out a 'growthy' agenda and 'motivate Americans' (9-5)